DyLab_3D_MOT/src/coil_class.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Tue Aug 17 15:17:44 2021

@author: Joschka
"""
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import logging as log
from scipy import special as sp

import matplotlib
# matplotlib.use('Qt5Agg')
# matplotlib.use('Agg')
# get_ipython().run_line_magic('matplotlib', 'qt')
# get_ipython().run_line_magic('matplotlib', 'inline')
# import time

from src import physical_constants as cs

# logger = log.getLogger('example')
# log.setLevel(log.info)
log.basicConfig(level=log.WARNING, format='%(message)s')


# TODO: Docstrings for every function

# TODO: Implement conventions

class BCoil:
    def __init__(self, HH, distance, radius, layers, windings, wire_width, wire_height, insulation_thickness=0.
                 , is_round=False, winding_scheme=False):
        """
        Creates object that represents a configuration of two coils, with symmetry axis = z
        :param HH: HH = 1 --> current in same direction, homogeneous field, HH = -1 --> current in opposite direction, quadrupole field
        :param distance: distance between center of coils
        :param radius: radius to center of coil
        :param layers: number of radial (horizontal) layers
        :param windings: number of axial (vertical) layers
        :param wire_width: width of conductive wire core
        :param wire_height: height of conductive wire core
        :param insulation_thickness: thickness of wire insulation (radial increase of thickness not diameter!)
        :param is_round: True --> Round wire, False --> rectangular wire
        :param winding_scheme: 0: standard, layer on layer, 1: with offset (for round wires primarily), 2: like 1, but alternatingly 8 --> 7 windings per layer
        """
        if not is_round:
            if winding_scheme == 1 or winding_scheme == 2:
                log.warning('Is there a reason you want to wind a not round wire like that?')
        if is_round:
            if wire_width != wire_height:
                log.error('Wire is round but width != height')
                raise ValueError("Wire is round but width != height")

        self.HH = HH
        self.distance = distance * 1e-3
        self.radius = radius * 1e-3
        self.layers = layers
        self.windings = windings
        self.wire_width = wire_width * 1e-3
        self.wire_height = wire_height * 1e-3
        self.insulation_thickness = insulation_thickness * 1e-3
        self.is_round = is_round
        self.winding_scheme = winding_scheme

    # Standard get/set functions
    @property
    def get_HH(self):
        return self.HH

    @property
    def get_distance(self):
        return self.distance

    @property
    def get_radius(self):
        return self.radius

    @property
    def get_layers(self):
        return self.layers

    @property
    def get_windings(self):
        return self.windings

    @property
    def get_wire_width(self):
        return wire_width

    @property
    def get_wire_height(self):
        return self.wire_height

    @property
    def get_insulation_thickness(self):
        return self.insulation_thickness

    @property
    def get_is_round(self):
        return self.is_round

    @property
    def get_winding_scheme(self):
        return self.winding_scheme

    def get_zmin(self):
        return self.distance / 2 - self.get_coil_height() / 2

    def get_zmax(self):
        return self.distance / 2 + self.get_coil_height() / 2

    def get_R_inner(self):
        return self.radius - self.get_coil_width() / 2

    def get_R_outer(self):
        return self.radius + self.get_coil_width() / 2

    def set_R_outer(self, R_outer):
        R_outer *= 1e-3
        self.radius = R_outer - self.get_coil_width() / 2

    def set_R_inner(self, R_inner):
        R_inner *= 1e-3
        self.radius = R_inner + self.get_coil_width() / 2

    def set_d_min(self, d_min):
        d_min *= 1e-3
        self.distance = d_min + self.get_coil_height()

    def set_d_max(self, d_max):
        d_max *= 1e-3
        self.distance = d_max - self.get_coil_height()

    def get_wire_area(self):
        """
        calculates wire area in m^2
        :return: float
        """
        if self.is_round:
            return np.pi * (self.wire_width / 2) ** 2
        return self.wire_width * self.wire_height

    def get_N(self):
        """
        Calculates number of windings
        """
        N = self.layers * self.windings
        log.debug(f"N = {N}")
        if self.winding_scheme == 2:
            N -= self.layers // 2
            log.debug(f"N = {N}")
        return N

    def get_wire_length(self):
        """
        :return: Approximate length of wire per coil (m)
        """
        return self.get_N() * 2 * self.radius * np.pi

    def get_tot_wire_height(self):
        """ returns wire height incl. insulation"""
        return self.wire_height + 2 * self.insulation_thickness

    def get_tot_wire_width(self):
        """ returns wire width incl. insulation"""
        return self.wire_width + 2 * self.insulation_thickness

    def get_coil_height(self):
        if self.winding_scheme == 1:
            return self.get_tot_wire_height() * (self.windings + 0.5)
        return self.get_tot_wire_height() * self.windings

    def get_coil_width(self):
        if self.winding_scheme == 1 or self.winding_scheme == 2:
            if self.is_round:
                log.info("Coil width: Be aware of the fact that this is an idealized situation of coil winding (slope "
                         "of windings changes each layer)")
                return self.layers * self.get_tot_wire_width() - (self.layers - 1) * (
                        2 - np.sqrt(3)) * self.get_tot_wire_width() / 2  # width is reduced due to winding offset
        return self.get_tot_wire_width() * self.layers

    def winding_raster(self):
        """
        generates raster of flowing currents
        :param raster_value: wire height/raster_value is distance between rastered points in one wire
        :return: 2 dim array [[z1,R1], [z2,R2], ...]
        """
        outer_raster = np.zeros((self.get_N(), 2))
        it = 0
        z_start = self.get_zmin() + self.get_tot_wire_height() / 2  # (distance_coils/2 - windings * wire_height/2 + wire_height/2)*1e-3
        R_start = self.get_R_inner() + self.get_tot_wire_width() / 2  # (R_inner + wire_width/2 )
        log.debug(f"N = {self.get_N()}")
        for xx in range(0, self.layers):
            for zz in range(0, self.windings):
                if self.winding_scheme == 2 and xx % 2 == 1 and zz == self.windings - 1:
                    continue  # leave out every last winding in every second layer
                z_pos = z_start + zz * self.get_tot_wire_height()
                R_pos = R_start + xx * self.get_tot_wire_width()

                # correct for different winding techniques and round wire
                if self.winding_scheme == 1 or self.winding_scheme == 2:
                    if xx % 2 == 1:
                        z_pos += self.get_tot_wire_height() / 2
                    if self.is_round:
                        R_pos -= xx * ((2 - np.sqrt(3)) * self.get_tot_wire_width() / 2)
                log.debug(f"lay = {xx}, wind = {zz}")
                outer_raster[it] = [z_pos, R_pos]
                # print(outer_raster[it])
                it += 1

        return outer_raster

    def inner_raster(self, raster_value):
        """
        Gives back inner raster for one wire around 0,0
        Args:
            raster_value (int): if N produces a N x N raster for rectangular and cut out of this for round
        Returns: array containing raster around 0,0 [[z_pos_in_1,r_pos_in_1],...]
        """
        # TODO: Less important, but rastering for round wires could be improved
        if raster_value == 0:
            raster_value = 1
            log.info("raster value is 0 increased to 1")

        if raster_value == 1:
            return [0, 0]

        if self.is_round & (raster_value % 2 == 0):
            raster_value += 1
            log.info(
                f"for round wire rastering works better with uneven rastering value --> rastering value set to: {raster_value}")

        inner_raster = np.zeros((raster_value ** 2, 2))
        it = 0
        for xx_in in range(0, raster_value):
            for zz_in in range(0, raster_value):
                z_pos_in = - self.wire_height / 2 + zz_in * self.wire_height / (raster_value - 1)
                r_pos_in = - self.wire_width / 2 + xx_in * self.wire_width / (raster_value - 1)

                inner_raster[it] = [z_pos_in, r_pos_in]
                it += 1

        # delete points out of round geometry
        if self.is_round:
            delete_list = []
            for i in range(0, len(inner_raster)):
                abs = np.sqrt(inner_raster[i, 0] ** 2 + inner_raster[i, 1] ** 2)
                if abs > self.wire_width / 2:
                    delete_list.append(i)
            inner_raster = np.delete(inner_raster, delete_list, axis=0)

        return inner_raster

    def full_raster(self, raster_value):
        """

        Args:
            raster_value: rastering value

        Returns: [ wire 1:[[z_in1,r_in2], [z_in2,r_in,2],...],wire 2:[ [,] , ]...]...]

        """
        outer_ras = self.winding_raster()

        inner_ras = self.inner_raster(raster_value)
        full_ras = np.zeros((len(outer_ras), len(inner_ras), 2))

        for i in range(0, len(full_ras)):
            full_ras[i] = outer_ras[i] + inner_ras

        return full_ras

    def plot_raster(self, raster_value=100):
        full_structure = self.full_raster(raster_value) * 1e3
        if self.get_coil_width() > self.get_coil_height():
            extension = self.get_coil_width()
        else:
            extension = self.get_coil_height()
        extension *= 1e3

        plt.figure(77, figsize=(5, 5))
        plt.scatter(full_structure[:, :, 1], full_structure[:, :, 0], linewidths=0.001)
        plt.xlabel("radius [mm]")
        plt.ylabel("z position [mm]")
        plt.axvline(x=self.get_R_inner() * 1e3 - 0.1, lw=5, color="red")
        plt.xlim(1e3 * self.get_R_inner() - 0.5, 1e3 * self.get_R_inner() + extension + 0.5)
        plt.ylim(1e3 * self.get_zmin() - 0.5, 1e3 * self.get_zmin() + extension + 0.5)

        plt.show()

    def print_info(self):
        print(" ")
        # print(f"{self.get_zmin()}")
        # print(self.__name__)
        print(
            f"HH = {self.HH}, Distance = {self.distance * 1e3} mm, z_min = {self.get_zmin() * 1e3:.3f} mm, z_max = {self.get_zmax() * 1e3:.3f} mm")
        print(
            f"Radius = {self.radius * 1e3:.3f} mm, Radius_inner = {self.get_R_inner() * 1e3:.3f} mm, Radius_outer = {self.get_R_outer() * 1e3:.3f} mm")
        print(
            f"Coil width = {self.get_coil_width() * 1e3:.3f} mm, Coil height = {self.get_coil_height() * 1e3:.3f} mm"
        )
        print(
            f"layers = {self.layers}, windings = {self.windings}, wire_width = {self.wire_width * 1e3:.3f}, wire_height = {self.wire_height * 1e3:.3f} mm, round wire = {self.is_round} ")
        print(" ")

    def print_basic_info(self):
        if self.HH == 1:
            print("Offset coil:")
        else:
            print("Gradient coil:")
        print(
            f"    layers = {self.layers}, windings = {self.windings} \n "
            f"   wire: core = {self.wire_height * 1e3:.2f} mm, tot = {self.get_tot_wire_height() * 1e3:.2f} mm, total length for pair = {2 * self.get_wire_length():.0f} m"
        )
        print(
            f"    Distance = {self.distance * 1e3:.2f} mm, Radius = {self.radius * 1e3:.2f} mm"
        )
        print(
              f"    Coil width = {self.get_coil_width() * 1e3:.2f} mm, Coil height = {self.get_coil_height() * 1e3:.2f} mm"
        )
        print("")

    def B_field_ideal_z(self, I_current, z_arg):
        """ 
        Calculate B-field for ideal point like wires with R_radius and d_distance
        HH = +1 --> Helmholtz configuration, HH = -1 --> Anti Helmholtz configuration
        z_arg in mm
        """
        z_SI = z_arg * 1e-3
        N_windings = self.layers * self.windings

        B = cs.mu_0 * N_windings * I_current / 2 * self.radius ** 2 * (
                1 / (self.radius ** 2 + (z_SI - self.distance / 2) ** 2) ** (3 / 2) + self.HH * 1 / (
                self.radius ** 2 + (z_arg + self.distance / 2) ** 2) ** (3 / 2))
        B *= 1e4  # conversion Gauss
        return B

    @staticmethod
    def make_axis(lim,precision,two_axis=True):
        """
        Gives back two arrays x and z in mm, symmetric around zero
        Args:
            lim: positive (and negative if lim2 = None) limit of axis
            precision: nr_points per mm
            two_axis: If True --> gives back two arrays with given parameter

        Returns: array

        """
        nr_points = (2 * lim) * precision + 1
        nr_points = int(nr_points)
        z = np.linspace(-lim, lim, nr_points)

        if two_axis:
            x = np.linspace(-lim, lim, nr_points)
            return x, z
        return z

    @staticmethod
    def mm_it(x, x_pos):
        """
        Takes argument in mm returns position in x-array
        Args:
            x: array of interest
            x_pos: position to find position of

        Returns: int of position of x_pos in array x

        """
        precision = len(x)//(2*np.abs(x[0]))
        it = int(len(x)//2 + precision * x_pos)
        return it

    @staticmethod
    def k_sq(R_loop, z_loc, r, z):
        """ Argument for elliptic integrals"""
        return (4 * R_loop * r) / ((R_loop + r) ** 2 + (z - z_loc) ** 2)

    @staticmethod
    def __B_z_loop(I_current, r_loop, z_loop, r_pos, z_pos):
        """
        calculate z-component of B-field at position r and z for each individual loop
        Args:
            I_current: Current in [A]
            r_loop: Radial position of current loop
            z_loop: Axial position of current loop along symmetry axis
            r_pos: radial position of calculation in [m]
            z_pos: axial position of calculation in [m]

        Returns: z component of B-field at position r, z in G

        """
        B_z = 2e-7 * I_current * 1 / ((r_loop + r_pos) ** 2 + (z_pos - z_loop) ** 2) ** (1 / 2) * (
                sp.ellipk(BCoil.k_sq(r_loop, z_loop, r_pos, z_pos)) + sp.ellipe(BCoil.k_sq(r_loop, z_loop, r_pos, z_pos)) * (
                r_loop ** 2 - r_pos ** 2 - (z_pos - z_loop) ** 2) / ((r_loop - r_pos) ** 2 + (z_pos - z_loop) ** 2))
        B_z *= 1e4  # conversion to gauss
        return B_z

    @staticmethod
    def __B_r_loop(I_current, r_loop, z_loop, r_pos, z_pos):
        """
         calculate z-component of B-field at position r and z for each individual loop
         Args:
             I_current: Current in [A]
             r_loop: Radial position of current loop
             z_loop: Axial position of current loop along symmetry axis
             r_pos: radial position of calculation in [m]
             z_pos: axial position of calculation in [m]

         Returns: z component of B-field at position r, z in G

         """
        B_r = 2e-7 * I_current / r_pos * (z_pos - z_loop) / ((r_loop + r_pos) ** 2 + (z_pos - z_loop) ** 2) ** (1 / 2) * (
                -sp.ellipk(BCoil.k_sq(r_loop, z_loop, r_pos, z_pos)) + sp.ellipe(BCoil.k_sq(r_loop, z_loop, r_pos, z_pos)) * (
                r_loop ** 2 + r_pos ** 2 + (z_pos - z_loop) ** 2) / ((r_loop - r_pos) ** 2 + (z_pos - z_loop) ** 2))
        B_r *= 1e4  # conversion to gauss
        return B_r

    def B_field_z(self,I_current):
        pass

    def B_field(self, I_current, x, z, raster = 7):
        """
        Returns Bz along z-axis and B_x along x-axis,
        HH = +1 --> Helmholtz configuration, HH = -1 --> Anti Helmholtz configuration
        """

        x_SI = x * 1e-3
        z_SI = z * 1e-3

        if x[0] <= 0:  # divide array into positive and negative values
            x_negative = np.abs([el for el in x_SI if el < 0])
            x_positive = np.array([el for el in x_SI if el > 0])
            x_zero = np.array([el for el in x_SI if el == 0])

        B_z = np.zeros(len(z))

        B_x_pos = np.zeros(len(x_positive))
        B_x_neg = np.zeros(len(x_negative))
        B_x_zero = x_zero  # 0 in x-array --> field is zero at this position

        calc_raster = self.full_raster(raster)

        if self.get_N() != len(calc_raster):
            log.error("N is not equal length of raster")

        rastering_value = len(calc_raster[0])

        I_current /= rastering_value  # divide current into smaller currents for mapping the whole wire
        # start = time.time()
        for wire in range(0, self.get_N()):
            for ii in range(0, rastering_value):
                # extract position information out of raster
                z_pos = calc_raster[wire, ii, 0]
                r_pos = calc_raster[wire, ii, 1]

                B_z += BCoil.__B_z_loop(I_current, r_pos, z_pos, 0, z_SI) + BCoil.__B_z_loop(self.HH * I_current, r_pos,
                                                                                             -z_pos, 0, z_SI)
                B_x_pos += BCoil.__B_r_loop(I_current, r_pos, z_pos, x_positive, 0) + BCoil.__B_r_loop(
                    self.HH * I_current, r_pos, -z_pos, x_positive, 0)
                B_x_neg += BCoil.__B_r_loop(I_current, r_pos, z_pos, x_negative, 0) + BCoil.__B_r_loop(
                    self.HH * I_current, r_pos, -z_pos, x_negative, 0)

        B_x_neg *= -1  # B_x_neg is pointing in opposite x_direction
        B_x = np.concatenate((B_x_neg, B_x_zero, B_x_pos))
        # end = time.time()
        # print(f"time = {end - start} s")
        return B_z, B_x

    def max_field(self, I_current, raster = 7):
        B_z_0 = 0
        calc_raster = self.full_raster(raster)

        if self.get_N() != len(calc_raster):
            log.error("N is not equal length of raster")

        rastering_value = len(calc_raster[0])

        I_current /= rastering_value  # divide current into smaller currents for mapping the whole wire

        for wire in range(0, self.get_N()):
            for ii in range(0, rastering_value):
                # extract position information out of raster
                z_pos = calc_raster[wire, ii, 0]
                r_pos = calc_raster[wire, ii, 1]

                B_z_0 += BCoil.__B_z_loop(I_current, r_pos, z_pos, 0, 0) + BCoil.__B_z_loop(self.HH * I_current, r_pos,
                                                                                            -z_pos, 0, 0)
        print(f"    Max Field = {B_z_0:.2f} G")
        return B_z_0

    def max_gradient(self, i_current, raster = 7):
        x, z = BCoil.make_axis(0.5, 1000)
        Bz, Bx = self.B_field(i_current, x, z, raster = raster)

        bz_grad = BCoil.grad(Bz, z)
        bx_grad = BCoil.grad(Bx, x)
        print(f"    Max z Gradient = {bz_grad[len(z)//2]:.2f} G/cm")
        print(f"    Max x Gradient = {bx_grad[len(x)//2]:.2f} G/cm")
        # return bx_grad[len(x)//2]


    def B_tot_along_axis(self, I_current, x, z, raster=10):
        """
        return B_tot_z, B_tot_x
        Returns B_tot_z along z-axis and B_tot_x along x-axis,
        HH = +1 --> Helmholtz configuration, HH = -1 --> Anti Helmholtz configuration
        """

        # Convert axis to SI units
        x_SI = x * 1e-3
        z_SI = z * 1e-3

        if x[0] <= 0:
            x_neg = np.abs([el for el in x_SI if el < 0])
            x_pos = np.array([el for el in x_SI if el > 0])
            x_zero = np.array([el for el in x_SI if el == 0])

        B_tot_z = np.zeros(len(z))
        B_x_pos = np.zeros(len(x_pos))
        B_x_neg = np.zeros(len(x_neg))
        B_x_zero = x_zero  # If there is a zero in the x-array it is assured that the x component of the field at this point is zero

        B_z_x = np.zeros(len(x_SI))
        # dividing each wire into 10 x 10 raster
        calc_raster = self.full_raster(raster)

        if self.get_N() != len(calc_raster):
            log.error("N is not equal length of raster")

        rastering_value = len(calc_raster[0])

        I_current /= rastering_value  # divide current into smaller currents for mapping the whole wire
        # start = time.time()
        for wire in range(0, self.get_N()):
            for ii in range(0, rastering_value):
                # extract position information out of raster
                z_pos = calc_raster[wire, ii, 0]
                r_pos = calc_raster[wire, ii, 1]

                # z-field along z-axis (x-Field always zero)
                B_tot_z += BCoil.__B_z_loop(I_current, r_pos, z_pos, 0, z_SI) + BCoil.__B_z_loop(self.HH * I_current,
                                                                                                 r_pos, -z_pos, 0, z_SI)

                # x-field along x-axis
                B_x_pos += BCoil.__B_r_loop(I_current, r_pos, z_pos, x_pos, 0) + BCoil.__B_r_loop(self.HH * I_current,
                                                                                                  r_pos, -z_pos, x_pos,
                                                                                                  0)
                B_x_neg += BCoil.__B_r_loop(I_current, r_pos, z_pos, x_neg, 0) + BCoil.__B_r_loop(self.HH * I_current,
                                                                                                  r_pos, -z_pos, x_neg,
                                                                                                  0)
                # Bz along x-axis:
                B_z_x += BCoil.__B_z_loop(I_current, r_pos, z_pos, x_SI, 0) + BCoil.__B_z_loop(self.HH * I_current,
                                                                                               r_pos, -z_pos, x_SI, 0)

        B_x_neg *= -1  # B_x_neg is pointing in opposite x_direction

        # B_x_x = np.zeros(len(x_SI))
        B_x_x = np.concatenate((B_x_neg, B_x_zero, B_x_pos))
        B_tot_x = np.sqrt(B_x_x ** 2 + B_z_x ** 2)
        B_tot_z = np.abs(B_tot_z)
        return B_tot_z, B_tot_x

    def B_multiple_3d(self, I_current, x, z, raster=4):
        z_start = self.get_zmin() + self.wire_height / 2
        R_start = self.get_R_inner() + self.wire_width / 2

        x_SI = x * 1e-3
        z_SI = z * 1e-3

        B = np.zeros([len(z_SI), len(x_SI), 2])

        calc_raster = self.full_raster(raster)
        if self.get_N() != len(calc_raster):
            log.error("N is not equal length of raster")
        rastering_value = len(calc_raster[0])

        # TODO: why division by zero?

        I_current /= rastering_value  # divide current into smaller currents for mapping the whole wire
        # start = time.time()
        for el in range(0, len(x_SI)):
            for wire in range(0, self.get_N()):
                for ii in range(0, rastering_value):
                    # extract position information out of raster
                    z_pos = calc_raster[wire, ii, 0]
                    r_pos = calc_raster[wire, ii, 1]

                    # compute z-value of field
                    B[:, el, 1] += BCoil.__B_z_loop(I_current, r_pos, z_pos, np.abs(x_SI[el]), z_SI) + BCoil.__B_z_loop(
                        self.HH * I_current, r_pos, -z_pos, np.abs(x_SI[el]), z_SI)

                    # compute x-value
                    if x_SI[el] < 0:
                        B[:, el, 0] -= BCoil.__B_r_loop(I_current, r_pos, z_pos, -x_SI[el], z_SI) + BCoil.__B_r_loop(
                            self.HH * I_current, r_pos, -z_pos, -x_SI[el], z_SI)

                    elif x_SI[el] > 0:
                        B[:, el, 0] += BCoil.__B_r_loop(I_current, r_pos, z_pos, x_SI[el], z_SI) + BCoil.__B_r_loop(
                            self.HH * I_current, r_pos, -z_pos, x_SI[el], z_SI)

                    elif x_SI[el] == 0:
                        B[:, el, 0] = 0

        return B

    @staticmethod
    def B_tot_3d(B):
        return np.sqrt(B[:, :, 0] ** 2 + B[:, :, 1] ** 2)

    def plot_3d(self, I_current, x_lim, z_lim):
        x = np.arange(-x_lim, x_lim, 5)
        print(x)
        z = np.arange(-z_lim, z_lim, 5)
        print(z)
        x_m, z_m = np.meshgrid(x, z)
        if self.is_round:
            B = self.B_multiple_3d(I_current, x, z, raster=3)
        else:
            B = self.B_multiple_3d(I_current, x, z, raster=2)
        B_tot = BCoil.B_tot_3d(B)
        for xx in range(0, len(x)):
            for zz in range(0, len(z)):
                if B_tot[zz, xx] > 15:
                    B[zz, xx, :] /= B_tot[zz, xx] / 15

        plt.figure()
        plt.quiver(x_m, z_m, B[:, :, 0], B[:, :, 1])
        plt.xlabel("x-axis [mm]")
        plt.ylabel("z-axis [mm]")
        plt.show()

    @staticmethod
    def curv(B_f, z):
        return np.gradient(np.gradient(B_f, z), z) * 1e2

    @staticmethod
    def grad(B_f, z):
        return np.gradient(B_f, z) * 1e1

    def B_quick_plot(self, I_current, abs=True, x_lim=50, z_lim=50, nr_points=200):
        x = np.linspace(-x_lim, x_lim, nr_points)
        z = np.linspace(-z_lim, z_lim, nr_points)
        if abs:
            B_z, B_x = self.B_tot_along_axis(I_current, x, z)
        else:
            B_z, B_x = self.B_field(I_current, x, z)

        plt.figure(11)
        plt.plot(z, B_z, linestyle="solid", label=r"$B_{tot}$ along z-axis")
        plt.plot(x, B_x, label=r"$B_{tot}$ along x-axis")
        plt.title("B-field")
        plt.ylabel(r"B-field [G]")
        plt.xlabel("x-axis / z-axis [mm]")
        plt.legend()
        plt.show()

    def B_grad_quick_plot(self, I_current, x_lim=50, z_lim=50, nr_points=200):
        x = np.linspace(-x_lim, x_lim, nr_points)
        z = np.linspace(-z_lim, z_lim, nr_points)

        B_z, B_x = self.B_field(I_current, x, z)
        # TODO: Think about Gradient calculation of tot B_field
        B_z = BCoil.grad(B_z, z)
        B_x = BCoil.grad(B_x, x)

        plt.figure(12)
        plt.plot(z, B_z, linestyle="solid", label=r"z grad of Bz along z-axis")
        plt.plot(x, B_x, label=r"x Grad of B_x along x-axis")
        plt.title("Gradient of B-field")
        plt.ylabel(r"B-field [G/cm]")
        plt.xlabel("x-axis / z-axis [mm]")
        plt.legend()
        plt.show()

    def B_curv_quick_plot(self, I_current, x_lim=50, z_lim=50, nr_points=200):
        x = np.linspace(-x_lim, x_lim, nr_points)
        z = np.linspace(-z_lim, z_lim, nr_points)

        B_z, B_x = self.B_field(I_current, x, z)
        B_z = BCoil.curv(B_z, z)
        B_x = BCoil.curv(B_x, x)

        plt.figure(13)
        plt.plot(z, B_z, linestyle="solid", label=r"$B_{tot}$ along z-axis")
        plt.plot(x, B_x, label=r"$B_{tot}$ along x-axis")
        plt.title("Curvature of B-field")
        plt.ylabel(r"Curv. B-field [G/cm$^2$]")
        plt.xlabel("x-axis / z-axis [mm]")
        plt.legend()
        plt.show()

    def Bz_plot_HH_comp(self, Coil2, I_current, x, z):
        B_z, B_x = self.B_field(I_current, x, z)
        B_z_2, B_x_2 = Coil2.B_field(I_current, x, z)

        B_z_curvature = np.gradient(np.gradient(B_z, z), z) * 1e2
        B_z_curvature_2 = np.gradient(np.gradient(B_z_2, z), z) * 1e2

        plt.figure(100, figsize=(13, 10))

        # plt.rcParams.update({'font.size': 15})
        plt.suptitle("Helmholtz coil field Bz along z-axis")

        # Field plot
        ##########################
        plt.subplot(2, 1, 1)
        plt.plot(z, B_z, linestyle="solid", label=r"$Bz$")
        plt.plot(z, B_z_2, linestyle="solid", label=r"$B_{z2}$")
        # plt.xlim(-0.01,0.01)
        plt.title("B-field")

        plt.ylabel(r"$Bz$ [G]")
        plt.xlabel("z-axis [mm]")
        plt.legend()

        plt.subplot(2, 1, 2)
        plt.plot(z, B_z_curvature, linestyle="solid", label=r"$\nabla_z^2 Bz$")
        plt.plot(z, B_z_curvature_2, linestyle="solid", label=r"$\nabla_z^2 B_{z2}$")

        plt.ylabel(r"$\nabla_z^2 Bz [G/cm^2]$")
        plt.xlabel("z-axis [mm]")
        plt.xlim(-10, 10)
        plt.title("Curvature of B-field")
        plt.legend(loc='lower right')

        plt.show()

    def cooling(self, I_current, T):
        """
        Print current density and power for one coil

        Parameters
        ----------
        I_current : current in A
        T : temperature in degree Celsius

        Returns
        -------
        None.

        """

        j_dens = I_current / self.get_wire_area() * 1e-6

        Power = self.power(I_current, T)

        Voltage = self.resistance(T) * I_current

        #print("")
        print("Cooling:")
        print(f"    Current I = {I_current} A")
        print(f"    current density = {j_dens:.2f} A/mm^2")
        print(f"    Power = {Power:.2f} W")
        print(f"    U = {Voltage:.2f} V")

    def power(self, I_current, T):
        """
        Power for one coil
        """
        P = self.resistance(T) * I_current ** 2
        return P

    def inductivity(self):
        return cs.mu_0 * (self.layers * self.windings) ** 2 * self.radius ** 2 * np.pi / self.get_coil_height()

    def induct_perry(self):
        """
        Calculates inductance of one rectangular coil via empirical formular by perry

        """
        L = 4 * np.pi * (self.windings * self.layers) ** 2 * (1e2 * self.radius) ** 2 / (
                0.2317 * 100 * self.radius + 0.44 * 100 * self.get_coil_height() + 0.39 * 100 * self.get_coil_width())
        return L * 1e-9

    @staticmethod
    def resistivity_copper(T):
        R_ref = cs.rho_copper_20
        T_ref = 20  # degree celsius
        alpha = 0.00393
        R = R_ref * (1 + alpha * (T - T_ref))
        return R

    def resistance(self, tempr):
        """
        Calculates resistance of one coil of configuration

        Parameters
        ----------
        tempr : double
            temperature in degree Celsius

        Returns
        -------
        double
            resistance in Ohm
        """

        return BCoil.resistivity_copper(tempr) * self.get_wire_length() / self.get_wire_area()

    def tau(self, tempr = 22):
        return self.induct_perry()/self.resistance(tempr)


def main():
    Coil_1 = BCoil(HH=1, distance=54, radius=48, layers=8, windings=8, wire_height=0.5, wire_width=0.5,
                   insulation_thickness=0.05, is_round=True, winding_scheme=2)
    # Coil_1.plot_raster()
    res_m = BCoil.resistivity_copper(20) * 1 / Coil_1.get_wire_area()
    print(res_m)


# main()
if __name__ == "__main__":
    log.info("Run main Coil class")
    main()