{
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   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "id": "118a68d3-da8d-4789-b659-897b7d39d08e",
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import numpy as np"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "id": "d7895578-13cb-44f5-965f-ac8696cbe7e9",
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "σ1 = np.array([[0,1],\n",
    "               [1,0]])"
   ]
  }
 ],
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